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Strong authentication processes can help protect user accounts\u2014and the systems that they can access\u2014by making it hard for hackers to steal credentials and pose as legitimate users. According to the X-Force Threat Intelligence Index, identification and authentication failures are the second most commonly observed web application security risks. When the user wants to log in to the service, the service sends a challenge to their device. The public key is shared with the service and the private key is kept on the user\u2019s device. Under FIDO2, a user registers their device to act as an authenticator with an app, website or other service. For example, the Fast Identity Online 2 (FIDO2) authentication standard replaces passwords with passkeys based on public key cryptography.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Modern Single Page Applications and JavaScript frameworks face unique authentication challenges that differ significantly from server-rendered applications. Voice cloning from 3-second samples threatens voice authentication systems, while AI-generated faces bypass facial recognition with increasing success rates. Deepfake technology has matured to bypass biometric authentication systems with 45-minute creation times using open-source tools (World Economic Forum, 2025\u2060).<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
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It is more common to see SAML being used inside of intranet websites, sometimes even using a server from the intranet as the identity provider. For this and other use cases, there are several authentication protocols that can protect you from exposing your users‘ data to attackers. When designing an account lockout system, care must be taken to prevent it from being used to cause a denial of service by locking out other users‘ accounts.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
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